The stadium at Abbottstown is primarily being funded by the Irish government through Sport Ireland and the Department of Sport.
Keane and Sport Ireland chief executive Dr Úna May and chair John Foley were joined by Irish politicians to turn the first sod at the site in the north-west suburb of Dublin, on Tuesday.
The venue will have permanent seating for 4,240 spectators with the ability to bring in temporary stands for major events, which will expand the total capacity to 12,000.
There has been a slight delay in construction amid some final discussions with architects FaulknerBrowns on minor design features of the stadium, but Keane is confident the project will be delivered on time.
"It's progressing well. I'm confident that we're on track," she told BBC Sport.
"All the plans have now been agreed. We think we probably need to just do another look at that again, because you have to keep up with things as they evolve.
"But we're actually at a really good stage."
Construction firm John Sisk were made the preferred tender for the project which will be delivered in two stages with the seating, high-performance centre and a pavilion built in the first phase.
Work will begin on installing a square in the autumn with the International Cricket Council keen for the playing surface to have sufficient time to bed in before the tournament.
Keane added: "I'm very grateful for the Department of Sport, Sport Ireland and the government, because I think people have also heard what we've said in terms of deadlines and around grass needing to grow.
"We've still got an awful lot of work to do to get this up and running and ready for testing in 2029 with us co-hosting games in the men's T20 World Cup in 2030."
BBC Sport also understands the stadium will be shared with other sports to ensure the facility is used throughout the year and not just during the summer months.
Cricket Ireland are being leased the land on a long-term basis and will be the main tenant but access will be granted to other Irish sports organisations who can use the outfield outside of the cricket season.
